Andean

The term 'Andean' is derived from the Spanish 'Andino', which itself originates from 'Andes', the name of the major mountain range in South America. The etymology of 'Andes' is uncertain but is often suggested to come from the Quechua word 'anti', meaning 'east' or 'high crest', used by the Inca to describe the mountainous regions to the east of Cusco. The English suffix '-ean' (a variant of '-an') was added to form the adjective, following the pattern of creating demonyms and relational adjectives from place names, such as 'European' or 'Mediterranean'. Thus, 'Andean' linguistically marks something as pertaining to the geographical and cultural sphere of the Andes mountains.

The word is a proper adjective formed from a toponym (place name). It is not productively segmented into smaller, meaningful morphemes in modern English.