atlas
UK[ˈætləs]US[ˈætləs]
n
a book of maps or charts
n
a figure of a man used to support a structure, especially in architecture
n
the first cervical vertebra, which supports the skull
Etymology
the word 'atlas' originates from the name of the titan atlas in greek mythology, who was condemned by zeus to hold up the heavens for eternity. this mythological association led to its use in the 16th century for a collection of maps, as the figure of atlas was often depicted supporting a globe on title pages of early map collections. the anatomical term for the top vertebra was later coined in the 17th century due to its function of supporting the head, analogous to the titan's burden. thus, the name of a mythological figure evolved into terms for a map book, a supporting architectural feature, and a crucial bone in the human body.
Analysis
the word 'atlas' is a simplex loanword from greek mythology. it does not contain separable morphemes in its modern english spelling.
Examples
she consulted the atlas to find the capital of mongolia.
the marble atlas figures stood as impressive columns at the entrance of the old library.
an injury to the atlas can cause severe neck pain and restricted movement.