crank
UK[kræŋk]US[kræŋk]
n
a part of a machine that changes up-and-down or circular motion into circular motion, consisting of a bar fixed to a wheel at an angle
n
a person with strange or unusual ideas or behaviour
v
to make something move by turning a crank
Etymology
the word 'crank' originates from the old english 'cranc-', which is found in compounds like 'crancstæf' (a weaver's instrument), suggesting an early association with something bent or twisted. this sense of a bend or angular shape is the core logic, directly leading to the mechanical meaning of a bent arm for converting motion. the figurative sense of an eccentric or irritable person, first recorded in the late 16th century, derives from the idea of a mental 'twist' or 'bend', likening a peculiar disposition to a crooked physical form. its journey from describing a physical shape to characterizing a personality showcases a classic path of semantic extension based on metaphorical resemblance.
Analysis
the word 'crank' is a simplex word of old english origin. it is not productively formed from smaller, independent morphemes in modern english.
Examples
he gave the engine a start by turning the crank.
she was dismissed as a crank for her unconventional theories.
you need to crank the handle to lower the window.