disable
UK[dɪsˈeɪb(ə)l]US[dɪsˈeɪb(ə)l]
v
To make someone unable to use a part of their body in the normal way, or to make something unable to work normally.
v
To officially prevent someone from doing something, especially by taking away a legal right or privilege.
Morpheme Breakdown
dis
able
dis
negation
able
capable
Etymology
The word 'disable' is a straightforward combination of the negative prefix 'dis-' and the adjective 'able'. It entered English in the late 15th century, formed from the already existing English word 'able' (from Latin 'habilis', meaning "easily handled, apt") with the addition of the prefix to reverse its meaning. The literal construction means "to make not able" or "to deprive of ability." This logical formation from native English elements (though of Latin origin) has consistently described the act of impairing function or capacity, whether physical, mechanical, or legal.
Analysis
Structure: dis (negation) + able (capable)
- dis: A Latin prefix meaning "apart," "asunder," or "having a negative or reversing force." In this word, it functions as a privative prefix, indicating removal or deprivation.
- able: From Latin '-abilis', a suffix forming adjectives meaning "capable of, fit for, or worthy of." In this verb, it represents the core concept of being capable or having power.
Examples
The virus can disable critical system files on your computer.
The new law must not disable people with disabilities from accessing public services.
A serious injury could disable him from playing professional sports.