fast
UK[fɑːst]US[fæst]
adj
Moving or capable of moving at high speed
adj
Firmly fixed or attached
adj
(of a clock or watch) Showing a time ahead of the correct time
adv
At high speed
v
To eat little or no food for a period of time, often for religious or health reasons
n
An act or period of fasting
Etymology
The word 'fast' presents a fascinating case of semantic divergence from a single, stable root. It originates from the Old English 'fæst', meaning 'firmly fixed, steadfast, secure', which itself derives from the Proto-Germanic 'fastuz'. This core idea of firmness branched into two distinct modern meanings. One branch retained the original sense of being secure or tight, as in 'hold fast' or 'fasten'. The other branch developed the meaning of moving quickly, likely from the notion of being 'firm' or 'strong' in running, or steadfastly pursuing a course. The verb meaning 'to abstain from food' also stems from the original sense of holding firm, specifically to a religious observance or discipline.
Analysis
This is a simplex word of Old English origin. The modern spelling and sound represent a fusion of its original Germanic root.
Examples
The cheetah is the fastest land animal.
Make sure the boat is tied fast to the dock.
Many people fast during the holy month of Ramadan.