firm
UK[fɜːm]US[fɜːrm]
adj
solid and not easy to bend, move, or break
adj
fixed and not likely to change
adj
strong and giving a feeling of confidence
v
to make something become harder or more solid
n
a business or company
Etymology
the word 'firm' has a direct lineage from latin, entering english via old french without significant morphological segmentation in its modern form. the latin adjective 'firmus', meaning strong, solid, or steadfast, originates from the proto-indo-european root dher-, which conveys the fundamental concept of holding fast or supporting. this core idea of steadfastness evolved logically to describe physical solidity, resolute character, and, by metaphorical extension in the commercial sphere, a stable business entity. the journey from a physical concept of holding ground to abstract notions of resolve and commercial establishment demonstrates a classic path of semantic broadening.
Analysis
this word is a simplex form. it entered english from old french 'ferme', meaning strong, solid, or steadfast, which itself derived from latin 'firmus', with the same core meaning. the latin root is traced back to the proto-indo-european root dher- meaning 'to hold, support'.
Examples
make sure the ladder is firm before you climb.
she gave a firm handshake.
he works for a large law firm.