hedgehog
UK[ˈhɛdʒhɒɡ]US[ˈhɛdʒhɔːɡ]
n
A small nocturnal mammal with a spiny coat, capable of rolling into a ball for defense.
n
A defensive military formation or fortification, typically bristling with obstacles.
Morpheme Breakdown
hedge
hog
hedge
hog
Etymology
The word "hedgehog" is a transparent compound from Old English, literally meaning "hedge pig." This name arose from the animal's common habitat in hedgerows and its pig-like snout used for foraging. The "hedge" element refers not only to its dwelling but also metaphorically to its defensive, spiny exterior which acts as a natural barrier. The "hog" element emphasizes its rooting behavior and grunting sounds, drawing a clear behavioral and auditory parallel to swine, despite the two animals being biologically unrelated.
Analysis
Structure: hedge + hog
hedge: (Old English hecg) - A boundary formed by a dense row of shrubs or bushes.
hog: (Old English hogg) - A general term for a pig or swine, often used for its rooting behavior.
Examples
The children were delighted to find a hedgehog snuffling in the garden at dusk.
Its spines are the hedgehog's primary defense against predators.
The general ordered the troops into a hedgehog formation to repel the cavalry charge.