kola
UK[ˈkəʊlə]US[ˈkoʊlə]
n
A small tree native to West Africa, whose seeds (kola nuts) contain caffeine and are used in beverages and medicines.
n
A brown carbonated soft drink flavored with an extract from kola nuts.
Etymology
The word "kola" entered English in the 18th century, borrowed directly from West African languages where it was the indigenous name for the tree and its seed. It is a classic example of a loanword for a local flora, following the pattern of trade and cultural exchange. The term gained global prominence in the late 19th century as an ingredient in the original formula for Coca-Cola, cementing its place in the English lexicon. Its journey reflects the direct adoption of a native term for a specific natural product into international commerce and language.
Analysis
The word "kola" is a simplex, borrowed as a complete unit from West African languages (specifically Temne kola and Mandingo kolo). It functions as a noun referring to the tree and its nut.
Examples
The bitter taste of the kola nut is often used to flavor soft drinks.
Traditional ceremonies in some West African cultures include the sharing of kola nuts.
Early versions of the cola drink were marketed for their medicinal properties derived from the kola extract.