lock
UK[lɒk]US[lɑːk]
n
A device for fastening something, typically a door, lid, etc., operated by a key or combination
n
A section of a canal or river where the water level can be changed to raise or lower boats
v
To fasten or secure something with a lock
v
To become or make something become fixed in one position
Etymology
The word 'lock' originates from the Old English 'loc,' which referred to a fastening mechanism, such as a bolt or bar. This term is derived from the Proto-Germanic 'luk-', carrying the core sense of "to close, to shut." This Germanic root is further traced back to the Proto-Indo-European 'leug-', meaning "to bend, to turn," conceptually linking the action of turning a key or a bolt to the act of fastening. Over centuries, the meaning expanded from physical fastenings to include abstract concepts like becoming fixed or immovable, and specialized applications such as the water-lock used in canals.
Analysis
This is a simplex word of Old English origin. The root 'loc-' or 'luc-' functioned as a verb meaning "to fasten, enclose" and a noun for a "barrier, enclosure."
Examples
She turned the key in the lock and opened the door.
The ships waited to pass through the canal lock.
The brakes locked, causing the car to skid.