long-run

the compound 'long-run' is a modern english formation, combining two native english words. 'long' derives from old english 'lang', 'long', of germanic origin, related to dutch 'lang' and german 'lang', from an indo-european root shared by latin 'longus'. 'run' as a noun, meaning a continuous period or series, evolved from the verbal sense of moving swiftly on foot, from old english 'rinnan', 'irnan'. the compound metaphorically applies the spatial concept of length to a temporal duration, signifying an extended period over which events unfold or effects are measured.

Structure: long (extended) + run (period) long (old english, adjective, meaning 'having great linear extent'); run (old english, noun, meaning 'a continuous stretch or period')