outlawed
UK[ˈaʊt.lɔːd]US[ˈaʊt.lɔːd]
adj
forbidden by law; made illegal.
verb (past tense, past participle)
declared to be outside the protection of the law; made an outlaw.
Morpheme Breakdown
out
law
ed
out
outside
law
legal rule
ed
adjective/verb suffix
Etymology
the term 'outlawed' is built upon the old english concept of being placed outside the law. the core noun 'law' entered english from old norse 'lag', meaning something laid down or established. the prefix 'out' intensifies this by denoting a state of being external or excluded. historically, to be outlawed meant to be deprived of all legal rights and protections, a status literally placing one outside the community's legal framework. the suffix '-ed' adapts this concept to function as a past participle verb and an adjective, describing the state resulting from such a legal declaration. over time, its meaning generalized from a specific medieval legal punishment to the broader modern sense of being prohibited or made illegal.
Analysis
Structure: out (outside) + law (legal rule) + ed (adjective/verb suffix)
- out: from old english 'ūt', meaning "outside, outward, away". functions as a prefix indicating exclusion or external state.
- law: from old english 'lagu', of old norse origin, meaning "something laid down or fixed; a rule". functions as the core noun root.
- ed: from old english '-ed', '-od', '-ad', a suffix forming past tenses and past participles of weak verbs, also used to form adjectives from nouns or verbs.
Examples
the practice was officially outlawed in the early 20th century.
he lived as an outlawed man, hunted by the sheriff's posse.
many countries have outlawed the use of these harmful chemicals.