render
UK[ˈrɛndə]US[ˈrɛndər]
v
To cause someone or something to be in a particular state or condition.
v
To give or provide something, especially a service, help, or a decision.
v
To represent or depict artistically, or to perform a piece of music or a role.
v
To melt down (fat) in order to clarify it.
Etymology
The journey of 'render' begins with the Latin verb reddere, a compound of re- and dare (to give), which carried the core sense of "to give back, return, or hand over." This term passed into Old French as rendre, preserving the meanings of surrendering, yielding, or delivering something. Adopted into Middle English, the word's semantic field expanded from the literal act of giving back to encompass causing a state, providing a service, and artistically reproducing or interpreting a subject. Thus, the modern abstract meanings of causing a condition, providing assistance, or creating a representation all flow logically from the ancient concept of giving something forth, whether it be a possession, an action, or an artistic impression.
Analysis
The word 'render' is a simplex form. It entered English from Old French rendre, meaning "to give back, yield, deliver." Its ultimate origin is Latin reddere, from re- (expressing intensive force) + dare (to give). The core functional role is as a verb.
Examples
The shock rendered him speechless.
The jury is expected to render its verdict tomorrow.
The artist skillfully rendered the texture of the fabric in her painting.