second-language
Meaning
Relating to a language that is learned or used in addition to a person's first or native language.
A language that is learned or used in addition to a person's first or native language.
Structure
Usage
She is taking a second-language acquisition course at university.
English is his second-language, but he speaks it fluently.
The school provides support for second-language learners.
Etymology
The compound "second-language" is a modern English formation built from two distinct Latin-derived words. "Second" originates from the Latin sequi (to follow), with secundus meaning "following" or "next in order," establishing a sequential relationship. "Language" traces back to the Latin lingua, meaning "tongue," which metaphorically extended to mean "speech" or "a means of communication." The compound logically combines these elements to denote the language that is acquired following or after one's primary, native tongue. This construction reflects a conceptual hierarchy in language acquisition, positioning the "second language" as subsequent and additional to the first.
Analysis
- second: From Latin secundus (following, next), via Old French. Functions as a numerical adjective. - language: From Latin lingua (tongue, speech), via Old French langage. Functions as a noun.