specified

specified

UK[ˈspesɪfaɪd]US[ˈspesəˌfaɪd]
adj

Clearly and precisely identified, stated, or described.

verb (past tense and past participle)

To state or identify something clearly and precisely.

Morpheme Breakdown

spec
ify
ed
spec

look, kind

ify

make, cause to be

ed

adjective/verb suffix

Etymology

The word 'specified' originates from the Latin verb 'specere', meaning 'to look at'. Combined with the causative suffix '-ficare' (to make), it formed the Late Latin 'specificare', meaning 'to mention particularly'. This evolved into the Old French 'specifier' and entered Middle English. The literal sense of 'making something seen' or 'bringing into view' logically transitioned into the modern abstract meaning of stating something clearly and precisely, making its details visible to the mind. The '-ed' suffix marks it as a completed action (past participle) or a resulting state (adjective).

Analysis

Structure: spec (look, kind) + ify (make, cause to be) + ed (adjective/verb suffix) spec (Latin 'specere', meaning 'to look at' or 'to see'), ify (Latin-derived suffix '-ficare', meaning 'to make'), ed (Old English-derived suffix forming past tense/participle or adjectives).

Examples

The contract listed all specified requirements for the project.

Please use the tools specified in the instruction manual.

He specified that the meeting should start at nine o'clock sharp.