The word 'surmountable' is built upon the foundation of the verb 'surmount', which literally means 'to climb over'. Its components trace back to Latin: the prefix 'sur-' is a variant of 'super-' (over), and 'mount' originates from 'montare' (to climb a mountain). The suffix '-able', also of Latin origin, transforms the action into a potential quality. Thus, the etymological logic flows from the physical act of climbing over an obstacle to the abstract modern meaning of being capable of being overcome.

Structure: sur (over) + mount (to climb) + able (capable of) - sur: From Latin 'super-', meaning 'over, above'. A prefix indicating position or degree. - mount: From Latin 'montare' (to climb), from 'mons' (mountain). A verb-forming root. - able: From Latin '-abilis', a suffix forming adjectives meaning 'capable of, fit for'.