syncope

syncope

UK[ˈsɪŋkəpi]US[ˈsɪŋkəpi]
n

A temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure.

n

The omission of sounds or letters from within a word.

Morpheme Breakdown

syn
cope
syn

together

cope

cut

Etymology

The word 'syncope' has a dual meaning that stems from its Greek origins. It entered English via Late Latin 'syncope', which itself came from Greek 'synkopē', literally meaning "a cutting short" or "a cutting up." The medical sense of a "sudden loss of consciousness" developed from the ancient concept of the pulse or life force being "cut off" or interrupted. Simultaneously, the linguistic sense of "elision of middle sounds/letters" directly reflects the original, literal meaning of cutting something out from the middle.

Analysis

Structure: syn (together) + cope (cut) syn: From Greek, meaning "together, with." A prefix indicating union or combination. cope: From Greek koptein, meaning "to cut, strike." This root evolved into the morpheme seen in the English spelling.

Examples

The patient experienced a brief syncope upon standing up too quickly.

The word "fo'c'sle" is a syncope of "forecastle."

In poetry, syncope is often used to maintain a specific meter or rhythm.