tarnish
tarnish
UK[ˈtɑː.nɪʃ]US[ˈtɑːr.nɪʃ]
v
to make or become less bright or a different color as a result of exposure to air or moisture.
v
to damage or harm the good quality or reputation of someone or something.
Etymology
the word 'tarnish' entered english in the late 16th century from the french verb 'ternir', meaning 'to make dull'. 'Ternir' itself likely evolved from the frankish word 'tarnjan', which is related to the old high german 'tarnen' meaning 'to hide or conceal'. this semantic connection is logical, as tarnishing a surface hides its original luster. the core idea progressed from a physical process of darkening or dulling metal to a metaphorical one of sullying a reputation.
Analysis
the word is a simplex unit derived from french. it does not have separable morphemes in modern english spelling.
Examples
the silver ring had begun to tarnish, losing its brilliant shine.
the scandal threatened to tarnish the legacy of the respected institution.
be careful not to use that cleaner, as it may tarnish the copper finish.