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bumper

UK[ˈbʌmpə(r)]US[ˈbʌmpər]
n

a horizontal bar across the front or back of a motor vehicle to reduce damage in a collision.

n

something unusually large or abundant.

adj

unusually large or successful.

Morpheme Breakdown

bump
er
bump

to strike

er

agent/instrument suffix

Etymology

the word 'bumper' originates from the verb 'bump', an onomatopoeic term from the 16th century imitating the sound of a heavy blow. the agentive suffix '-er' was added, initially creating a noun for something that bumps or causes a bump. by the late 17th century, it was used to describe a full glass or cup, so full it 'bumped' against another when toasting. this sense of abundance led to the adjective meaning 'exceptionally large'. the automotive sense, for a protective bar, emerged in the early 20th century, logically denoting an instrument designed to absorb or give bumps.

Analysis

Structure: bump (to strike) + er (agent/instrument suffix) bump (english, from imitative origin, meaning a blow or knock). er (english, agentive suffix forming nouns denoting an instrument or agent).

Examples

the car's front bumper was dented in the minor collision.

farmers are expecting a bumper crop this harvest season.

the company reported bumper profits for the third consecutive quarter.

bumper – Meaning, Etymology & Word Origin | OpenEtymology