drill
UK[drɪl]US[drɪl]
n
a tool or machine used for making holes in hard materials
n
a way of learning something by repeating it many times
v
to make a hole in something using a drill
v
to teach someone by making them repeat something many times
Etymology
the word 'drill' entered english in the early 17th century from middle dutch 'drillen', meaning 'to bore' or 'to turn'. this dutch term is part of the germanic language family and is thought to be imitative in origin, echoing the sound or action of a boring tool. the semantic development from the physical act of boring holes to the repetitive nature of military or training exercises is a logical metaphorical extension, linking the circular, repetitive motion of the tool to repetitive practice. thus, the core concept of repetitive, precise action unites its modern meanings for both tools and training.
Analysis
this word is considered a simplex form. it is a loanword from dutch, where 'drillen' means 'to bore, turn in a circle'. the dutch word is likely of germanic origin, possibly related to old high german 'drāen' (to turn).
Examples
the carpenter used an electric drill to make pilot holes for the screws.
the soldiers went through a rigorous drill on the parade ground every morning.
firefighters regularly drill for emergency scenarios to ensure a swift response.