second-class
UK[ˌsek.əndˈklɑːs]US[ˌsek.əndˈklæs]
adj
Of a lower quality, standard, or status than first-class.
adj
Relating to a class of mail, travel accommodation, etc., that is cheaper and less comfortable than the best available.
Morpheme Breakdown
second
class
second
next after the first.
class
a rank or grade of quality.
Etymology
The term "second-class" is a straightforward compound adjective formed within English from the ordinal number "second" and the noun "class." The concept originates from hierarchical ranking systems, particularly in transportation and social structures of the 19th century. "Second," from the Latin secundus (meaning "following" the first), combined with "class," from Latin classis (originally a division of the Roman people), creates a term that literally denotes the rank immediately below the first or best category. This logical numerical grading system evolved from literal classifications (like ship accommodations) to describe anything of inferior quality or status compared to a premier standard.
Analysis
Structure: second + class
- second: From Latin secundus (following, next), from sequi (to follow). In this compound, it functions as a numerical/ordinal adjective meaning "next after the first."
- class: From Latin classis (a division, fleet, class of citizens). In this compound, it functions as a noun meaning "a rank or grade of quality."
Examples
He felt he was treated as a second-class citizen.
I travelled second-class on the train to save money.
This is clearly a second-class piece of work.