endorphin
UK[ɛnˈdɔːfɪn]US[ɛnˈdɔːrfɪn]
n
any of a group of hormones secreted within the brain and nervous system that reduce the sensation of pain and can create a feeling of well-being.
Morpheme Breakdown
endo
orphin
endo
internal
orphin
morphine-like substance
Etymology
the word is a modern scientific blend, coined in the 1970s. it combines the greek prefix 'endo-', meaning 'within', with a shortened form of 'morphine'. the name 'morphine' itself derives from morpheus, the greek god of dreams, due to the drug's sleep-inducing and pain-relieving properties. thus, 'endorphin' literally means an 'inner morphine', a substance produced naturally within the body that has effects similar to the opioid drug. this naming elegantly captures its endogenous origin and its primary pharmacological function.
Analysis
Structure: endo (internal) + orphin (morphine-like substance)
endo- from greek 'endon', meaning 'within, inner'. -orphin a contraction of 'morphine', from morpheus, the greek god of dreams, via the name of the opioid drug.
Examples
vigorous exercise releases endorphins, often called the body's natural painkillers.
the runner experienced a surge of endorphins, leading to a feeling of euphoria known as a 'runner's high'.
endorphins interact with receptors in the brain to reduce the perception of pain.