lessened
UK[ˈlɛs(ə)nd]US[ˈlɛsənd]
verb (past tense & past participle)
Made or became smaller, weaker, or less in degree, amount, or intensity.
Morpheme Breakdown
less
en
ed
less
small
en
verb suffix
ed
past tense suffix
Etymology
The word 'lessened' is built upon the Old English comparative adjective 'lǣssa', meaning 'smaller'. The addition of the verb-forming suffix '-en', originating from the Old English '-nian', transformed the adjective into the verb 'lessen', meaning 'to make or become less'. The final '-ed' suffix, a common Germanic inflection, marks the verb for past tense or past participle. Thus, the literal morphemic construction "make small in the past" directly and logically conveys the modern meaning of having reduced in degree or intensity.
Analysis
Structure: less (small) + en (verb suffix) + ed (past tense suffix)
- less: From Old English 'lǣssa', comparative of 'lǣt' meaning 'small, little'. Functions as the core adjective/adverb root.
- en: From Old English '-nian', a verb-forming suffix meaning 'to make or become'. Functions as a derivational suffix.
- ed: From Old English '-ode', '-ade', a suffix marking the past tense and past participle. Functions as an inflectional suffix.
Examples
The pain lessened after she took the medication.
His influence in the company has significantly lessened over the years.
The storm's intensity lessened as it moved out to sea.