lighted

The word 'lighted' is the regular past tense and past participle form of the verb 'to light', which originates from the Old English 'līhtan', meaning 'to illuminate' or 'to kindle'. This Old English term is derived from the Proto-Germanic 'leuhtjan', itself from the Proto-Indo-European root 'leuk-', meaning 'light, brightness'. The suffix '-ed' follows the standard Germanic pattern for forming past tense verbs and related adjectives. The semantic journey is direct: from the ancient concept of brightness, the verb evolved to mean the act of making something bright, either by illumination or by setting it on fire, with '-ed' marking the action as completed, resulting in its modern meanings of 'illuminated' or 'ignited'.

Structure: light (brightness, to ignite) + ed (past tense/adjectival suffix) light: From Old English 'lēoht', meaning 'brightness, radiant energy, to ignite'. Its functional role is as the core root conveying the concepts of illumination or kindling. ed: From Old English '-ed', '-od', '-ad', a suffix used to form the past tense and past participle of weak verbs, and subsequently to create adjectives from verbs. Its functional role is to indicate a completed action or a resultant state.