doyenne
UK[dɔɪˈen]US[dɔɪˈen]
n
the most respected or prominent woman in a particular field.
Etymology
the word 'doyenne' entered english in the 19th century directly from french, where it is the feminine equivalent of 'doyen'. the french 'doyen' itself derives from the late latin 'decanus', meaning 'leader of ten', which originated from the latin 'decem' (ten). this term was used in ecclesiastical and academic contexts for a senior official. the semantic journey moved from a literal leader of ten, to a senior figure, and finally, upon adoption into english, specialized to signify the most respected and experienced woman in any specific sphere or profession.
Analysis
this word is a direct loanword from french and is not productively segmented using english morphemes. it is the feminine form of the french word 'doyen', meaning 'dean' or 'senior member'.
Examples
she is widely regarded as the doyenne of fashion journalism.
as the doyenne of the local art scene, her opinion carries great weight.
the conference was opened by the doyenne of marine biology.