haredi
UK[hɑːˈreɪdi]US[hɑːˈreɪdi]
n
A member of any of various Orthodox Jewish sects characterized by strict adherence to religious law and tradition, separation from secular society, and often distinctive dress.
Etymology
The term 'Haredi' is a direct borrowing from Modern Hebrew, where 'ḥaredi' (חֲרֵדִי) literally means "one who trembles" or "fearful." This derives from the Hebrew root 'ḥ-r-d' (חרד), associated with trembling, awe, and fear. In a religious context, this trembling refers to a profound awe and reverence for God, as referenced in the biblical verse Isaiah 66:5: "Hear the word of the Lord, you who tremble (haḥaredim) at his word." The term was adopted in 20th-century Israel to designate ultra-Orthodox Jews, emphasizing their piety and strict adherence to divine law. English usage directly reflects this Hebrew origin, encapsulating the concept of a devout community defined by religious fervor and traditional practice.
Analysis
This word is a loanword from Modern Hebrew, adopted as a single lexical unit into English. It is not productively segmented using English morphemes.
Examples
The Haredi community in the neighborhood maintains its own schools and social institutions.
His dress, including the black hat and coat, identified him as Haredi.
The demographic growth of the Haredi population is a significant topic in Israeli politics.