miasma
UK[miˈæzmə]US[maɪˈæzmə]
n
an unpleasant or unhealthy smell or vapor
n
an oppressive or unpleasant atmosphere that surrounds or emanates from something
Etymology
the word 'miasma' entered english in the mid-17th century, directly from the greek word 'miasma', meaning 'pollution' or 'stain'. this greek term itself derives from the verb 'miainein', which means 'to pollute' or 'to defile'. the concept was central to pre-modern medical theory, referring to a noxious form of 'bad air' believed to cause diseases. over time, its meaning expanded from a literal, physical vapor to also describe a pervasive, figurative atmosphere of corruption or gloom.
Analysis
the word is a simplex loanword from greek. it is not productively formed from smaller, recognizable morphemes in modern english spelling.
Examples
a miasma of exhaust fumes hung over the city.
the scandal left a miasma of distrust around the administration.
early physicians believed plague was spread by a miasma rising from swamps.