The term 'surrealism' was coined by the French poet Guillaume Apollinaire in 1917 and later adopted as the official name for the artistic movement by André Breton in 1924. It is a French loanword formed from the prefix 'sur-' (meaning 'over' or 'beyond') and the word 'réalisme' (realism). The literal construction 'beyond realism' perfectly encapsulates the movement's intent to transcend the mere depiction of the physical world. It sought to access a superior reality—the surreal—by tapping into the unconscious mind, dreams, and the irrational, thereby creating a new artistic and philosophical logic.

Structure: sur (over, beyond) + realism (realism) 'sur' is a prefix from French, originating from Latin 'super-' meaning 'over, above, beyond'. 'realism' is a noun from English 'real', with the suffix '-ism' denoting a distinctive practice, system, or philosophy.