托福核心词表

The activities, actions, and policies used to gain and hold power in a government or to influence a government.

a fine, powdery substance, typically yellow, consisting of microscopic grains discharged from the male part of a flower or from a male cone.

To carry pollen from a male part to a female part of a flower, enabling fertilization and seed production.

A substance that makes air, water, soil, etc. dangerously dirty and not suitable for use.

a flat shape with three or more straight sides and angles.

liked, admired, or enjoyed by many people or by a particular person or group

to live in an area and form its population

A very small opening in the skin of a person or animal, or on the surface of a plant, through which liquids or gases can pass.

Having many small holes that allow water or air to pass through slowly.

To suggest or assume the existence, fact, or truth of something as a basis for reasoning or discussion.

The place where someone or something is in relation to other things.

to have or own something

A large printed picture, photograph, or notice that you put on a wall for decoration or to advertise something.

A soft, silver-white metallic chemical element that reacts violently with water and is essential for living cells.

To occupy oneself in a desultory but pleasant manner

a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces or 0.4536 kilograms

The state of being extremely poor.

A dry substance in the form of very small, loose particles.

in a way that is sensible and realistic, based on what is possible or effective rather than theories or ideas.

a wide, flat area of land in north america that is covered in grass and has few trees

An animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals.

a person who held a job or position before someone else

to say that something will happen in the future

For the most part; mainly.

Relating to the period of time before written records.

happening before a more important action or event

The quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.

A thing that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or exist.

to say what medical treatment someone should have

An official written order from a doctor that allows someone to get a medicine or treatment.

The job of being president, or the period of time during which someone is president.

The elected head of a republican state.

to push something firmly against a surface or to apply steady force to something

respected and admired as very important or of very high quality

a claim or belief that one has a certain quality or status, especially when this is not justified.

existing or most common at a particular time

an animal that is hunted and killed by another animal for food

Relating to an early stage in the development of something; fundamental or original.

A member of the most developed and intelligent group of mammals, including humans, monkeys, and apes.

Most important; of the best quality

A fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.

Existing or coming before in time, order, or importance.

the condition of being more important than something else and therefore needing to be dealt with first.

Something valuable, such as an amount of money or a trophy, that is given to someone who wins a competition or game, or who does very good work.

A way of doing something, especially the usual or correct way.

The rate at which goods are produced or work is completed.

A type of job that needs special training or skill, especially one that needs a high level of education.

relating to a job that needs special education and training

Very skilled and experienced in a particular activity or subject.

(of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense

happening or developing gradually or in stages

To such a high degree or cost that it prevents use or purchase

To estimate or forecast something based on present data.

continuing for a long time, or longer than expected

to help something to happen or develop

Evidence or argument establishing a fact or the truth of a statement.

To read and correct mistakes in a text before it is printed or published.

Correct according to social or moral rules; suitable or acceptable

A thing or things belonging to someone; possessions collectively.

A person who argues for or supports a cause, idea, or policy.

Written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.

To develop in a successful way; to be successful, especially financially.

a statement or action expressing disapproval of or objection to something.

The first or original model of something from which later forms are developed.

A method of treating mental disorders by investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the mind and bringing repressed fears and conflicts into the conscious mind.

The scientific study of the mind and how it influences behaviour.

the act of printing a book, magazine, etc. and making it available to the public

To make information or an event known to the public, especially by advertising it.

a town or village in spain, latin america, or the southwestern us, especially one with a central plaza and adobe or stone buildings.

a soft, wet mass of material, often made by crushing or mixing something with liquid

The regular beating of the heart as it pumps blood, especially felt at the wrist or neck.

To force a liquid or gas to move in a particular direction using a mechanical device.

To make a small hole in something with a sharp point.

A child or young person who is being taught in a school or by a private tutor.

A model of a person or animal that can be moved by pulling strings attached to its body or by putting your hand inside it.

Not mixed with any other substance or material.

the state or quality of being pure

A color intermediate between red and blue

to follow or chase someone or something, especially in order to catch or attack them.

the act of following or chasing someone or something

A large stone structure with a square base and four triangular sides that meet at a point, built especially in ancient Egypt.

to have or achieve the necessary skills, knowledge, or ability to do something

To measure or express the quantity of something.

a place, typically a large, deep pit, from which stone or other materials are or have been extracted

A very bright object at the center of a distant galaxy, powered by a supermassive black hole.

A written list of questions that are answered by many people in order to collect information for a survey.

A warm bed covering made of padding enclosed between two layers of fabric and kept in place by lines of stitching.

A short test or a game in which you answer questions

To repeat the exact words that someone else has said or written.

The sport or pastime of competing in races.

A piece of sports equipment consisting of a handle and an oval frame with strings stretched across it, used for hitting the ball in games such as tennis or badminton.

A system for detecting the presence, direction, distance, and speed of objects, such as aircraft or ships, by sending out pulses of radio waves which are reflected back off the object.

(of a substance) emitting energy or particles as a result of the disintegration of atomic nuclei.

A flat floating structure, often made of pieces of wood tied together, used for travelling across water.

an arch of colors visible in the sky, caused by the refraction and dispersion of the sun's light by rain or other water droplets in the atmosphere.

The amount of rain that falls in a particular place during a specific period.

A large farm, especially in North America or Australia, where cattle or other animals are bred and raised.

Happening, done, or chosen without method or conscious decision.

A number of different things of the same general type; a variety.

(of an event, situation, or condition) not happening very often

acting or done without careful consideration of the possible consequences; impetuous

to make a series of short, sharp knocking sounds, especially when being shaken or knocked against something.

(of food) not cooked

A smooth textile fiber or fabric made from regenerated cellulose, such as wood pulp.

The back part of something

a person who gets or accepts something that has been sent or given to them

A container or device used to hold something.

A cell or group of cells that receives stimuli; a sense organ.

a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced, generally identified by a fall in gdp in two successive quarters.

a set of instructions for preparing a particular dish, including a list of the ingredients required

To process used materials so that they can be used again.

slightly red in colour

A long line of rocks or sand near the surface of the sea, often dangerous to ships.

The act of mentioning something or someone

to remove impurities or unwanted elements from a substance

(of a surface or body) to throw back (light, heat, or sound) without absorbing it.

serving to refresh or reinvigorate someone.

to make or keep something, especially food or drink, cold in order to preserve it

to clean and decorate a room, building, etc. in order to make it more attractive, more useful, or of a higher standard